Identification and Screening of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat Cultivars Through Microsatellites

Muhammad Nawaz Sukhera; Muhammad  Waris; Ghulam Yaseen; Syed Abdul Sadiq; Muhammad Yakoob; Ayesha lutf; Masood Ali Jamali; Qasid, Hussain Jamali

doi:10.38211/joarps.2024.05.287

Authors

Muhammad Nawaz Sukhera Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Muhammad Waris Department of Plant Pathology, Balochistan Agriculture University, Quetta
Ghulam Yaseen Department of Agricultural Extension, Balochistan Agriculture College Quetta, Pakistan
Syed Abdul Sadiq Agriculture Research Institute Quetta, Pakistan
Muhammad Yakoob PARC-Horticulture Research Institute, Khuzdar, Pakistan
Ayesha lutf Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Masood Ali Jamali Agriculture Extension Department, ADI, Kan Pur, Pakistan
Qasid, Hussain Jamali PARC-Agriculture Research Institute, Jaffarabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2024.05.287

Keywords:

Wheat, leaf rust, Screening , Microsatellite

Abstract

Wheat is one of the important staple food being grown worldwide and in Pakistan. The wheat rust-causing fungi are very eco-adaptive and evolve rapidly to overcome genetic resistance of wheat varieties. Among all rust-causing fungi, Puccinia triticina causes leaf rust in wheat, and inflicts heavy yield losses. Deploying resistant varieties against leaf rust is the most effective, environmentally-friendly and economic way to control the disease. Therefore, new sources of genetic resistance are continually sought to develop rust resistance in wheat varieties, and nowadays rust resistant varieties have been developed through the accumulation of slow rusting or minor genes that would perform better in fields. Hence, the purpose of this study is to screen a few of the available leaf rust-resistant germplasm in field and evaluate their field response on genetic basis. For this purpose, minor genes were detected through the amplification of simple sequence repeat (SSR) in the selected wheat genotypes through screened primers. Field experiment was conducted. Molecular studies to identify the minor genes were performed. Meteorological data was recorded at the observatory laboratory of the same area. All the epidemiological factors (Temperature (maximum, minimum), Relative Humidity, and Pan Evaporation) showed significant correlation in tested 5 varieties ZARDANA89, ZARLASHTA99, RASKOH 05, BHAKKAR-2000, GA-2002 which were conducive for disease development except rainfall. PCR amplification of Xgwm118, and Xgwm165, showed the range of alleles in 14 genotypes. It was observed that 22 verities showed resistance, 3 were moderately resistant, 3 varieties were moderately susceptible, 8 varieties were moderately susceptible, and 5 varieties were moderately susceptible against leaf rust pathogen.

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