Response of Sugarcane to Varying Nitrogen Rate and Application Timings Under Semi-Arid Climate

Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar; Mahmood Ul-Hassan; Fahd Rasul; Tasneem Khaliq; Abdul Rehman; Muhammad Shaukat; Bilal Ahmad Shahzad; Umer Farooq; Hafiz Basheer Ahmad; Naeem Ahmad

doi:10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.31

Authors

Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar ugarcane Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad (38850)
Mahmood Ul-Hassan 1Sugarcane Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad (38850) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-0271
Fahd Rasul Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (38900)
Tasneem Khaliq Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (38900)
Abdul Rehman Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
Muhammad Shaukat Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (38900)
Bilal Ahmad Shahzad Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (38900)
Umer Farooq Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (38900)
Hafiz Basheer Ahmad 1Sugarcane Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad (38850)
Naeem Ahmad Sugarcane Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad (38850)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2022.3.2.31

Abstract

To enhance crop yields, nitrogen is one of essential basic nutritional elements that enable any plant to withstand in stressful conditions. An experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of N rates and its application timings on growth, development and sugarcane yield at farm area of Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan for two consecutive crop seasons (spring 2014 and 2015). Four Nitrogen (N) rates viz.170, 227, 284 and 341 kg ha^-1were applied at four different application schedules i.e. T₁= 45-75-90 days after planting (DAP); T₂= 45-75-90-120 DAP;T₃= 45-75-90-120-150 DAP and T₄= 45-75-90-120-150-180 DAP, in RCBD having three replications. The results revealed that the treatments significantly affected quantitative traits like tillers plant^-1, cane girth, millable count, cane and sugar yield and growth parameters like leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), seasonal total dry matter accumulation (TDM) and seasonal crop growth rate (CGR). Interactive effect of treatments was also significant for cane girth, number of millable canes and LAD. Treatments did not affect cane length significantly during the course of study. Growth traits viz. LAI, LAD and CGR showed improvement by higher N application and the highest values were observed when N was applied late in the season in six splits. A close positive linear relationship was noticed between cane yield and dose & time of N application. It may be concluded from the present study that splitting of nitrogen till 180 days after planting at higher rates (upto 341 kg ha^-1) can improve cane and sugar yield of spring planted sugarcane crop under semi-arid climatic conditions

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Achieng, G. O., Nyandere, S. O., Owuor, P. O., Abayoand, G. O., & Omondi, C. O. (2013). Effects of rate and split application of nitrogen fertilizer on yield of two sugarcane varieties from ratoon crop. Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3(3): 235-239.

Ashfaq, A., Riaz, A., Jabbar, A., & Abdul, G. (2000). Agro-qualitative response of spring sugarcane to geometric arrangement. Pakistan Sugar Journal, 15(3): 2-5.

Ahmed, M. A., Ferweez, H., & Saher, M. A. (2009). The optimum yield and quality properties of sugarcane under different organic, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers levels. J. Agric. Res. Kafer El-Sheikh Univ, 35(3): 879-896.

Akhtar, M., F.G. Ali, M. Saeed and S. Afghan. 2000. Effect of moisture regimes and fertilizer levels on yield and yield parameters on spring planted sugarcane. Pak. Sug. J. 15(5):2-6.

Faqir, G. A., & Shahid, A. (2000). Effect of fertilizer and seed rate towards stripped-cane yield of spring planted sugarcane. Pakistan Sugar Journal, 15(4): 12-16.

Azzay, N. B. and A.D.Elham. (2009). Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield and quality of two sugarcane promising varieties. Europ. J. Agron. 78: 745-758.

Bikila, M., Dechassa, N., & Alemayehu, Y. (2014). Effects of pre cutting nitrogen application rate and time on seed cane quality of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Crop at Finchaa Sugar Estate. Adv Crop Sci Tech, 2(152): 2.

Chen, J. H. (2006, October). The combined use of chemical and organic fertilizers and/or biofertilizer for crop growth and soil fertility. In International workshop on sustained management of the soil-rhizosphere system for efficient crop production and fertilizer use (16) 20:1-11 Land Development Department Bangkok Thailand.

Chattha, M. B., Maqsood, M., Chattha, A. A., & Mudasir, M. A. (2010). Effect of earthing up and fertilizer levels on growth and yield of spring planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). J. Agric. Res, 48(3): 327-334.

Chohan, M., Pahnwar, R. N., Qazi, B. R., Junejo, S., Unar, G. S., Arain, M. Y., & Talpur, U. A. (2012). Quantitative and qualitative parameters of sugarcane variety Hoth-300 as affected by different levels of NPK applications. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 22(4), 1060-1064.

El-Sogheir, K. S., & Ferweez, H. (2009). Optimum harvesting age of some promising sugarcane genotypes grown under different nitrogen fertilizer levels. Egypt. J. Agric. Sci, 24(3): 195-214.

Govt. of Pakistan. 2020. Economic Survey of Pakistan, Ministry of Economic Affairs. pp. 27.

Gawander, J. (2007). Impact of climate change on sugar-cane production in Fiji. World Meteorological Organization Bulletin, 56(1), 34-39.

Hunt, R. 1978. Plant growth analysis. Studies in biology. Edward Arnold, London: (96):26-38.

Iqbal, R. M. and H.Q.I.Chauhan. 2003. Relationship between different growth and yield parameters in maize under varying levels of phosphorus. J.Biol.Sci., 3: 921-925.

Jagtap, S. M., M. B. Jadhav and R. V. Kulkarm. 2006. Effect of levels of NPK on yield and quality of suru sugarcane (cv. Co. 7527). Ind. Sug. 56: 35-40.

Jagtap, S. M., Jadhav, M. B., & Kulkarni, R. V. (2006). Effect of levels of NPK on yield and quality of suru sugarcane (Cv. Co 7527). Indian Sugar, 56(7), 35.

Jalloh, M. A., Chen, J., Zhen, F., & Zhang, G. (2009). Effect of different N fertilizer forms on antioxidant capacity and grain yield of rice growing under Cd stress. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162(2-3), 1081-1085.

Koochekzadeh, A., Fathi, G., Gharineh, M. H., Siadat, S. A., Jafari, S., & Alarni-Saeid, K. (2009). Impacts of Rate and Split Application ofN Fertilizer on Sugarcane Quality. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(3), 116-123.

Lofton, J., Tubana, B. S., Kanke, Y., Teboh, J., & Viator, H. (2012). Predicting sugarcane response to nitrogen using a canopy reflectance‐based response index value. Agronomy Journal, 104(1):106-113.

Meade, G. P. and J. C. P. Chen. (1977). Cane Sugar Hand Book (10th) Wiley Inter Science. John Wiley and Sons, New York,p. 947

Miller, J. D., & Gilbert, R. A. (2006). Florida Sugarcane Handbook This document is SS-AGR-234, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Institute of Food and Agric. Sci. Univ. of Florida.

Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R., & Ahmed, I. (2010). Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: a review. Annals of microbiology, 60(4): 579-598.

Saleem M. F., A.Ghaffar, S.A.Anjum, M.A.Cheema and M.F. Bilal. (2012). Effect of nitrogen on growth and yield of sugarcane. J. Amer. Soc. of sugarcane technologists. 32: 75-93.

Seema, N., F.C.Oad, I. A. Khan, M.I.Keerio and S.Tunio. (2014). Performance of sugarcane somaclones under different irrigation and fertilizers doses. Pak.J.Bot., 46(1): 227-232.

Sinclair, T. R., & Vadez, V. (2002). Physiological traits for crop yield improvement in low N and P environments. Plant and Soil, 245(1): 1-15.

Soomro, A. F., Tunio, S., Keerio, M. I., Rajper, I., Chachar, Q., & Arain, M. Y. (2021). 02. Effect of inorganic NPK fertilizers under different proportions on growth, yield, and juice quality of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L). Pure and Applied Biology, 3(1):10-18.

Steel, R.G.D., J.H. Torrie and D.A. Dicky. (1997). Principles and Procedures of Statistics, A biological approach. 3rd Ed. McGraw Hill, Inc. Book Co. N.Y. (U.S.A.). pp. 352-358.

Thorburn, P. J., Meier, E. A., & Probert, M. E. (2005). Modelling nitrogen dynamics in sugarcane systems: Recent advances and applications. Field crops research, 92(2-3), 337-351.

van Heerden, P. D., Donaldson, R. A., Watt, D. A., & Singels, A. (2010). Biomass accumulation in sugarcane: unravelling the factors underpinning reduced growth phenomena. Journal of experimental botany, 61(11): 2877-2887.

Waraich, E. A., Ahmad, R., & Ashraf, M. Y. (2011). Role of mineral nutrition in alleviation of drought stress in plants. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(6): 764-777.

Watson, D. J. (1952). The physiological basis of variation in yield. Advances in agronomy, 4: 101-145.

Whan, A.P., N. Robinson, A.T. Fletcher, K.S. Aitken, P. Lakshmanan and S. Schmidt. 2007. Understanding nitrogen use efficiency in sugarcane: A quantitative genetic approach. Plant and animal genomes XV Conference, January 13-17, 2007.

Wiedenfeld, B., and J. Enciso. 2008. Sugarcane responses to irrigation and N in semiarid South Texas. Agron. J. 100: 665-671.

Wiedenfeld, B., & Enciso, J. (2008). Sugarcane responses to irrigation and nitrogen in semiarid south Texas. Agronomy Journal, 100(3), 665-671.

Wiedenfeld, R. (1997). Sugarcane responses to N fertilizer application on clay soils. J. Amer. Soc. Sugar Cane Technol, 17: 14-27.

Zhao, D., Glaz, B., & Comstock, J. C. (2014). Physiological and growth responses of sugarcane genotypes to nitrogen rate on a sand soil. Journal of agronomy and crop science, 200(4), 290-301